RESUMO
A prospective, randomised trial was undertaken in 60 healthy adults to determine the efficacy of intravenously administered phenytoin in doses of 5 mg.kg-1 for the prevention of suxamethonium-induced fasciculations, a rise in serum K+ and myalgia. This was compared with tubocurarine pretreatment and no pretreatment (control group). Phenytoin pretreatment significantly reduced myalgia from 45% (nine patients) in the control group to 10% (two patients) (p less than 0.05). It also decreased the duration and mean intensity of fasciculations. Incidentally, phenytoin was also found to decrease significantly mean serum Na+ levels (p less than 0.001) both at 5 and 20 min after administration. Tubocurarine pretreatment (3 mg) resulted in a significant decrease in fasciculations, but myalgia, which occurred in five patients, remained the same. No significant correlation was found between muscle fasciculations, postoperative myalgia and K+ changes, but patients with myalgia had a significant decrease in mean serum Na+ levels at 5 and 20 min after suxamethonium (p less than 0.01).
